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Question
What are hydrocarbons? Write the name and general formula of I) saturated hydrocarbon.II) unsaturated hydrocarbon draw the structure of one hydrocarbon of each type. How can an unsaturated hydrocarbon be made saturated. (5marks)
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Solution
A hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon as the name itself suggests.
Saturated hydrocarbons are those which have only single covalent bond between adjacent carbon. Example- Methane or CH4.
General formula- CnH2n+2(Alkane)
H
|
H-C-H
|
H
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those which have double or triple covalent bond between adjacent carbon atoms. Example- Ethene and Ethyne
General formula- CnH2n(Alkene)
-CnHn (alkyne)
H H.
| |.
H-C=C-H.
An unsaturated carbon can be made saturated through addition reaction.Hydrogen is added to them in the presence of nickel/palladium catalyst.
Saturated hydrocarbons are those which have only single covalent bond between adjacent carbon. Example- Methane or CH4.
General formula- CnH2n+2(Alkane)
H
|
H-C-H
|
H
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those which have double or triple covalent bond between adjacent carbon atoms. Example- Ethene and Ethyne
General formula- CnH2n(Alkene)
-CnHn (alkyne)
H H.
| |.
H-C=C-H.
An unsaturated carbon can be made saturated through addition reaction.Hydrogen is added to them in the presence of nickel/palladium catalyst.
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