Question

Define Negative Ligands.

Answer 1

Ligands:

• It is defined as a neutral atom or molecule binding to a central atom in a coordination compound.
• It is bound through coordinate bonds.
• Ligands can be of three types negatively charged, positively charged, and neutrally charged.
• It should have at least one lone pair of electrons.
• It should be capable of donating lone pair of electrons to the central atom.
• Ligand acts as a Lewis base while metal atoms act as Lewis acid which forms a coordination compound.
• For example-Chloride $\left({\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}\right)$, Bromide $\left({\mathrm{Br}}^{-}\right)$,Sulphate $\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-}\right)$ , etc,

Negative Ligands:

• These ligands' names end with ‘ide’.
• These carry a negative charge.
• These complexes end with ‘ite’ or ‘ate’
• For example-Carbonate (${\mathrm{CO}}_3^{2-}$),Nitrite ${\left({\mathrm{NO}}_2\right)}^{-}$,Acetate ${\left({\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COO}\right)}^{-}$,Thiocyanate ${\left(\mathrm{SCN}\right)}^{-}$