Question

What are Pericardium, Septa, Atrium, Ventricle, Tunica Externa, Tunica Media, Tunica Intimate and their functions ?

Answer 1

The pericardium is a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels.The pericardium fixes the heart to the mediastinum, gives protection against infection, and provides the lubrication for the heart
The septum of the heart is the dividing wall between the right and left sides of the heart.
The atrium is the upper chamber in which blood enters the heart. There are two atria in the human heart, which receive blood - the left atrium from the lungs, and the right atrium from the venous circulation. The atria receive blood, and when the heart muscle contracts, pump blood to the ventricles.
A ventricle is one of two large chambers in the heart that collect and expel blood received from an atrium towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs. The atrium (an adjacent/upper heart chamber that is smaller than a ventricle) primes the pump.
The tunica intima (New Latin "inner coat"), or intima for short, is the innermost tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. It is made up of one layer of endothelial cells and is supported by an internal elastic lamina. The endothelial cells are in direct contact with the blood flow.
The tunica media (New Latin "middle coat"), or media for short, is the middle tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. It lies between the tunica intima on the inside and the tunica externa on the outside.
The tunica externa (New Latin "outer coat"), also known as the tunica adventitia (New Latin "additional coat")(or adventitia for short), is the outermost tunica (layer) of a blood vessel, surrounding the tunica media. It is mainly composed of collagen and, in arteries, is supported by external elastic lamina.