Question

What are Plastids? Name its three types. Write the function of each.

Answer 1

Plastids:

1. Plastids are cell organelles found only in plant cells.
2. They are bounded by double membranes.
3. They are present in cytoplasm.
4. There are three types of Plastids.
5. Their functions vary depending on the types.

The three types of Plastids are:

1. Chloroplast
2. Chromoplast
3. Leucoplast

The functions of the different types of Plastids are as follows:

1. Function of Chloroplast

• They contain a green pigment, Chlorophyll which traps the solar energy and converts it into chemical energy.
• The chemical energy is present in the form of food which will be utilized by the plants.
• This process of manufacturing food is known as ‘Photosynthesis’.

2. Function of Chromoplast

• They are coloured.
• They can be of yellow, red or orange colour depending on the type of pigments present in them.
• These impart colours to flowers and fruits.
• These bright coloured flowers and fruits attract insects and birds which favour the process of pollination and seed dispersal respectively.

3. Function of Leucoplast

• They are colourless in nature due to absence of any pigment.
• They are present in the plant parts which can't photosynthesize like roots and underground stems.
• Their function is to store food in the form of starch or protein or fats.