Question

What are seismic dampers and why are they important?

Answer 1

Seismic dampers:

Seismic dampers are devices that reduce the vibrations caused by an earthquake by absorbing the mechanical energy of the seismic waves and releasing it as heat energy into a hydraulic fluid.

Types of seismic dampers:

1. Viscous dampers: The energy of the seismic waves is absorbed when a silicon-based fluid passes through the piston. It is efficient in both minor and major earthquakes. It is commonly used in high-rise buildings.
2. Viscoelastic dampers: A viscoelastic material is placed between two steel plates and is commonly used in small to medium-sized buildings.
3. Friction dampers: It consists of two inclined steel plates having a friction pad between them which releases the seismic energy as a result of the rubbing action between the steel plates.
4. Vibration dampers: They are fitted on the structure itself such as factories, automobiles, and transmission lines to reduce the vibrations and prevent excessive noise and protect the part of the machine.
5. Yielding dampers: They are made of steel which deforms due to the vibrations caused by an earthquake.

Importance of seismic dampers:

1. They protect structural integrity and reduce structural damage during an earthquake.
2. They also protect the occupants of a building from getting hurt by absorbing the energy of the seismic waves and reducing structural deformation.