Question

What are the 2 subunits of 80S Ribosomes?

Answer 1

Ribosomes:

1. A ribosome is an intercellular structure composed of both RNA and protein that serves as the cell's centre of protein synthesis.
2. The ribosome reads the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence and converts it into a specific string of amino acids that develop into long chains that fold to make proteins.

Subunits of 80S Ribosomes:

1. The 80S Ribosomes are found in eukaryotes only.
2. Small 40S subunits: Subunits containing a single RNA molecule.
   1. The molecule has approximately 18S rRNA and 30-48 proteins.
   2. A crucial component of this process is the eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit (the 40S), which binds initiation factors to promote the scanning of messenger RNAs and the start of protein synthesis.
3. Large 60S subunits: Subunits containing RNA molecule.
   1. The molecule has approximately 28S rRNA and 46 proteins.
   2. The creation of peptide bonds, a crucial chemical process in protein synthesis, is catalysed by the big ribosomal subunit.
   3. The tRNA substrate binding site is located at the bottom of a deep cleft that is open on one side.