Question

What are the 4 main macromolecules and their functions?

Answer 1

Macromolecules:

These are organic molecules that have large molecular weight and are generally polymeric in nature.

Four macromolecules and their functions:

• Carbohydrates:

are energy-yielding compounds and provide structural elements also.

• Nucleic acid

1. It is the polymer of nucleotides and is the genetic material of an organism.
2. It is responsible for the transfer of genetic material from parents to offspring.

• Lipids:

1. Lipids are formed of fatty acid and glycerol and are the main constituents of bio-membranes.
2. For example plasma membrane, nuclear membrane, etc.
3. They are also used as a substrate for energy production when carbohydrates are limited.
4. Some of these lipids are also hormones.

• Proteins

1. Proteins are the polymers of amino acids and perform many functions.
2. For example, they are enzymes, or hormones, are required for immunity and they are responsible for growth and maintenance also.