Question

What are the cause and effects of eutrophication?

Answer 1

Eutrophication is caused by the fertilizers and pesticides in fields. When they either seep into the ground and get mixed with groundwater, or are washed away with rain and drain into the rivers, it results in increase in concentration of these nutrients in water bodies.This is called eutrophication.
Eutrophication causes growth of a layer of algae on the surface of water, which reduces the level of dissolved oxygen in water.When other aquatic animals and plants die due to lack of oxygen, their dead remains serve as food for bacteria which further reduces oxygen content in water bodies.