What are the causes for
(a) Temporary hardness
(b) Permanent hardness

Open in App

Solution

(a)Temporary hardness:
Temporary hardness in water is because of the presence of soluble Magnesium bicarbonates(Mg(HCO₃)₂) and Calcium bicarbonates(Ca(HCO₃))₂ in it.
It can be removed by boiling water containing temporary hardness.
Carbonates of magnesium and calcium will get converted into their respective hydroxide{(Mg(OH)₂), (Ca(OH)₂)}.
These hydroxides of Calcium and Magnesium are insoluble in water and can be easily separated out.
(b) Permanent hardness:
Permanent hardness in water is because of the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium present in the form of chlorides and sulfides.
The hardness of water can not be removed from this type of water.
This can be removed by treating the solution with washing soda(Na₂CO₃).

Suggest Corrections

Similar questions

What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?

What are the causes of temporary hardness of water.

a) What are the causes for

i) Temporary hardness ii) Permanent hardness

b) Why does the hardness of water render it unfit for use in a i) boiler ii) for washing purposes.

what cause the temporary and permanent hardness water chemistry

Name the substances in each case which causes:

(i) Temporary hardness in water

(ii) Permanent hardness in water

Join BYJU'S Learning Program