Question

What are the differences between substances and mixtures?

Answer 1

Matter is anything with mass and volume. Matter is composed of particles. Particles are composed of atoms. Atoms are composed of protons, electrons, and neutrons.
There are two types of matter, pure substances and mixtures:
Pure Substances: Pure substances are composed of identicalparticles.
Mixtures: Mixtures are composed of two or more different particles.
There are two types of pure substances, elements and compounds:
Elements: The particles of elements are composed of identical atoms. Examples: magnesium (Mg), oxygen ()
Compounds: The particles of compounds are composed of two or more differentatoms. Examples: calcium iodide (, sodium chloride (NaCl)
There are two types of mixtures, homogeneous mixtures and heterogeneous mixtures:
Homogeneous Mixtures: Homogeneous mixtures are composed of particles that are arranged evenly throughout the mixture. Examples: salt water (NaCl and ), air ( , , and )
Heterogeneous Mixtures: Heterogeneous mixtures are composed of particles that are arranged unevenly throughout the mixture. (salads and dirt)