The basic components of the brain and nervous system are neurons also known as neurons or nerve cells.
They're the cells that take in sensory information from the outside world, send motor commands to our muscles, and transform and relay electrical signals at every step.
Types of neurons:
Sensory Neurons: They transport data from sensory receptor cells all around the body to the brain.
Motor Neurons: Motor Neurons are nerve cells that convey information from the brain to the body's muscles.
Associated Neurons: Associated Neurons are in charge of conveying impulses from the sensory neuron to the motor neuron.