Question

What are the different types of transformers?

Answer 1

Transformer

1. A transformer is a device that is utilized in the power transmission of electrical energy.
2. It is widely used to adjust the supply voltage across circuits without changing the frequency of alternating current between circuits.
3. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction and mutual induction.

Types of transformers.

The different types of transformers are given as follows:

1. Power transformer: Power transformers are quite large. They are appropriate for high voltage power transmission applications (more than $33\mathrm{kv}$). It is found in power plants and transmission sub-stations. It has a high amount of insulation.
2. Autotransformers: The primary and the secondary windings of standard transformers are oriented in opposite directions, but in autotransformer windings, the primary and secondary windings are physically and magnetically connected in series.
3. Air-core transformer: The main and secondary windings are both coiled on a non-magnetic strip, with the flux linkage between them being through the air. The mutual inductance of an air-core transformer is lower than that of an iron core transformer, implying that the reluctance supplied to the produced flux is higher in the air medium. In an air-core type transformer, however, hysteresis and eddy current losses are fully eliminated.
4. Iron core transformer: The main and secondary windings are both wound on several iron plate bunches, providing a great linkage path to the generated flux. Because of the conductive and magnetic properties of iron, it provides less reluctance to the linkage flux. These are common transformers with good efficiency when compared to air core transformers.
5. Distribution transformer: The main purpose of a distribution transformer is to lower the voltage for distribution to commercial and residential consumers.
6. Step-up transformer: The voltage level on the secondary side is increased by the step-up transformer. By increasing the number of turns in the secondary winding, the low primary voltage is increased. The primary winding to secondary winding ratio is less than 1. The schematic diagram of the step-up transformer is given below.

7.Step-down transformer: The voltage level on the secondary side is reduced in the step-down transformer. By reducing the number of turns in the secondary winding, the high primary voltage is decreased to a low secondary voltage. The primary winding to secondary winding ratio is more than 1. The schematic diagram of the step-down transformer is given below.