Question

What are the distinctive functions between the thalamus and basal ganglia?

Answer 1

Thalamus and basal ganglia:

1. The thalamus is a small structure inside the brain that is located above the brain stem between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain and has extensive nerve connections to both.
2. The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei of various origins in the brains of vertebrates.

Thalamus	Basal ganglia
The thalamus is an important structure between the cerebral hemisphere and the brain stem in the central part of the brain.	The basal ganglia are a group of nuclei inside the brain.
2. They act as a relay station for almost all sensory passages.	2. They are important components of the extrapyramidal motor system involved in the planning and execution of beautiful voluntary movements.
3. Injury to the thalamus can lead to sensory impairment.	3. Movement abnormalities are caused by abnormalities of the basal ganglia, including Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease.
4. The thalamus is a pair of structures located along the edge of the third ventricle when the thalamus is separated from the basal ganglia by the posterior organ of the inner capsule.	4. They serve as a switchboard between the various cortical areas important in movement through the thalamus.
5. Blood is supplied through the branches of the posterior cerebral artery and the posterior circulatory artery.	5. Blood is mainly supplied from the anterior and middle cerebral arteries through the medial and lateral lenticular arteries, respectively.