Question

What are the functions of sponges' specialized cells: archaeocytes, choanocytes, porocytes?

Answer 1

Sponges:

1. These are the primitive multicellular aquatic species that come under the phylum Porifera.
2. They lack true organs and tissues like other animals and are heterotrophic species.
3. Sponges comprise specialized cells that help them to perform essential functions.

The following are the specialized cells of sponges with functions:

Choanocytes:

1. These are also known as collar cells.
2. They are the flagellated cells, which work as a digestive system in sponges.
3. The collars comprise microvilli, which are used to filter excess water out of the body.

Porocytes:

1. These are the tubular cells, which make the pores into the body of the sponge via the mesohyl permitting water to move within.
2. The pore via which the flow of water takes place is known as the ostium.

Archaeocytes:

1. They are also known as amoebocytes.
2. They are the totipotent cells, which can convert into spongocytes or splenocytes.
3. They also function in the transportation of nutrients and sexual reproduction.