Question

What are the modifications that are observed in birds that help them fly?

Answer 1

Birds have undergone many structural adaptations to suit their aerial life. Some of these adaptations are as follows.

• Streamlined body for rapid and smooth movement. Vertical air movements help the bird with gliding and soaring in the air.
  
• Covering of feathers for insulation.
• Forelimbs are modified into wings and hind limbs used for walking, perching, and swimming.
• The presence of pneumatic bones reduces weight.
• They have a higher metabolic rate that provides the energy for flight.
  
• Presence of additional air sacs to supplement respiration.
• The sternum is modified into a keel for the attachment of large, powerful flight muscles.