Question

What are the organ malfunction diseases? Explain any two such diseases.

Answer 1

Organ malfunction disease:

1. Disease which are caused due to malfunctioning of body organs are called metabolic disease.
2. There are many factors which may result in malfunctioning or complete failure of an organ.
3. Metabolic diseases may be hereditary and passed on to the individual by one of the parents or may develop later slowly or suddenly.
4. Some of the example are diabetes mellitus, heart disease, renal disease and cancer.

Diabetes mellitus:

1. Insulin is a hormone which controls sugar level in the blood.
2. It enables liver to convert excess glucose to glycogen and store it.
3. It is secreted by the cells of islets of langerhans lodged in the pancreas. when these cells do not function properly, the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin leading to diabetes.

Renal disease:

1. Nephrons in the kidneys help to filter out harmful nitrogenous waste materials like urea and uric acid, along with water and salts from the blood.
2. These are excreted out of the body in the form of urine.
3. If the kidneys fail to function properly, these toxic gets accumulated in the blood and cause a disease known as uremia.
4. Symptoms include fatigue, lethargy, loss of mental concentration, dry and flaky skin and loss of appetite.