Question

What are the physiological effect of Auxin?

Answer 1

Auxin:

1. Auxin is a plant hormone that plays critical physiological roles in cell elongation, apical dominance, parthenocarpy, and other processes. It is essential for plant body development and plays an important role in plant life cycles.
2. The physiological effects of auxin, which are functional effects, are as follows:
   1. Apical dominance:
      1. When the terminal bud of a mostly tall and sparsely branching vascular plant is intact and growing, the growth of the lateral buds just below it is suppressed.
      2. However, removing the apical buds causes the lateral buds to grow extremely quickly. Apical dominance occurs when the apical bud dominates the lateral bud and prevents it from growing.
   2. Root initiation:
      1. A greater concentration of auxins inhibits root elongation, but later branch roots continue to grow, implying that the higher the concentration of auxins, the greater the growth of lateral branch roots.
      2. Auxins initiate root growth. The use of AA in lanolin paste is very important because it is used to form roots in economically useful plants that are propagated by cuttings.
   3. Parthenocarpy:
      1. It is the process of developing fruits without fertilization, and these fruits are known as parthenocarpic fruits.
      2. Auxin has the ability to stimulate the formation of these fruits.
   4. Vascular differentiation:
      1. Plant differentiation is induced by auxins, according to tissue culture experiments.
      2. Because cytokines are known to participate in vascular differentiation, it is influenced by both auxin and cytokinin.
   5. Cell elongation:
      1. Auxins' primary function is cell elongation, and they are well known to promote stem and coleoptile elongation.
      2. It also encourages the elongation of cells behind the apical meristem. When the concentration of auxin is higher on the shaded side, the cells on that side elongate more quickly, bending the stem tip towards the unilateral light.