The earth's surface is modified by
1. Endogenous Processes which originates within the earth crust and are governed by forces inherent in the earth. Earthquakes, volcanoes, mountain ridges, tectonic movements, formation of continents are the result of this process. It is caused by the thermal energy of the mantle and the crust.
2. Exogenous process which originates from external forces like the sun, forces of gravity, activities of organisms etc. It makes the surface of the earth even and remove surface irregularities.