Nucleic acids consist of 3 subunits. The DNA is a pattern made up of four different nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of asugar (deoxyribose) in the middle of a photosphate group and a nitrogenous base.
There are two classes of bases. Two are purines (double-ringed structures) and two are pyrimidines (single -ringed structures). The four bases in DNA's alphabet are: adenine (A) - a purine cytosine (C) - a pyrimidine guanine (G) - a purine thymine (T) - a pyrimidine
In both DNA and RNA there are four major bases. However, RNA has the first three plus uracil.The substitution of uracil for thymine as a base material constitutes the chief chemical difference between RNA and DNA. RNA also has ribose as it's sugar instead of deoxyribose.