what are the the chemical changes that take place to an iron bar if magnetised.? what will it's its configuration be? what is exactly happening when a magnet attracts another magnet or iron? do electromagnets have poles?what are exactly magnetic poles?
It is a rearrangement of the atoms already present, without changing their form chemically.
Explanation:A chemical change is the result of a change in the atomic structure of an atom - a gain or loss of electrons.
Magnetization simply aligns the existing iron atoms in a certain way due the effect of a magnetic field on their dipole characteristics. It does not change the chemical composition or structure of the iron atoms in any way.
Magnets attract iron due to the influence of their magnetic field upon the iron. Before a piece of iron enters the magnetic field of a magnet, the polarization of the iron atoms is random. When exposed to the magnetic field, the atoms begin to align their electrons with the flow of the magnetic field, which makes the iron magnetized as well. This, in turn, creates an attraction between the two magnetized objects. This is why a piece of iron that is exposed to a magnet becomes magnetic for some time afterward.
A magnet just doesn't attract another magnet, but it repels it too!
Magnets attracting magnets is far more a simpler phenomenon than them attracting ferromagnetic material. ( Magnets just attract ferromagnetic materials). The magnets as we know them are the sources of magnetic field force existing around them. These force appear prominently on the terminals of the magnet and the structure of this force itself reveals the reason behind the attraction or repulsion effect between two magnets.
Actually there are two poles of opposite polarity to a magnet and the nomenclature makes it north and south poles.
The poles are in fact 'emitting' and 'sinking' field lines inside a magnet viz. south and north . The field lines direction as they appear outside the magnet depicts the polarity and they go in the south pole and come out from north pole to state it correctly. Its an ever existing vortex over the length of the magnet body, which manifests as a force field which acts on the same force field that is generated in another magnet. Visualise a swirl entering from north pole in anticlockwise direction, travelling over the length of magnet body, and exiting from south pole. Looking at the south pole, the direction appears clockwise.
The directional field vortex of one magnetic body interlocks with that of another. The unidirectional vortexes lock in to unison. ( Its because of the nomenclature of poles viz north and south, that we see it as unlike poles attract i.e. north pole attracts south pole and vice a versa.) The fact remains that the unidirectional vortexes interlock!
An electromagnet has the same properties as an ordinary magnet. It has a north and south pole and it attracts steel and iron. It is different from a permanent magnet because it can be turned on and off. When electricity flows in a circle of wire, it makes a magnet.
The north-seeking pole of such a magnet, or any similar pole, is called a north magnetic pole. The south-seeking pole, or any pole similar to it, is called a south magnetic pole. Unlike poles of differentmagnets attract each other; like poles repel each other.