Question

What are the three methods of genetic transfer in bacteria?

Answer 1

Genetic transfer:

1. Gene transfer is to transfer of a gene from one DNA molecule to another DNA molecule.
2. The directed desirable gene transfer from one organism to another and the subsequent stable integration and expression of a foreign gene into the genome are referred to as genetic transformations.

The three methods of the gene transfer in bacteria are

Transformation:

1. A bacterium takes up DNA from the medium.
2. Recombination takes place between the introduced genes and the bacterial chromosome.
3. Genetic transformation is the incorporation of naked DNA from an extracellular environment.
4. Can use plasmids as a vector.

Transduction:

1. The transfer of genetic material from one cell to another cell by the bacteriophage is called transduction.
2. Transduction usually occurs in a variety of prokaryotes, including certain species of bacteria.
3. The bacteriophage which contains the bacterial DNA is called transduced DNA.

Conjugation:

1. Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through direct cell-to-cell contact or through the bridge-like connection between the two cells.
2. Direct transfer via the connection tube, one-way traffic from donor cells to the recipient cells.
3. Conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer.
4. It is not the reciprocal exchange of genetic information.