Question

What are the various technological and institutional reforms which led to the Green and White Revolution in India?

Answer 1

Answer:

Some of the technical and institutional reforms made in the field of agriculture in India are listed below:

Technical Reforms

The technical reforms introduced to help farmers are listed below.

• Started using High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds.
• Increased use of chemical fertilizers.
• Use of better irrigation facilities.
• Use of various scientific methods of farming
• Increased the use of fertilizers.
• Increased use of tractors.

Institutional Reforms

The institutional reforms introduced by the Government, to help the farmers are given below.

• Crop insurance was provided for disease, fire, cyclone, flood, and drought.
• To provide loans to farmers at low interest rates, banks, cooperative societies, grameen banks were established.
• For the benefit of farmers, some of the schemes introduced were the Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS), Kissan Credit Card (KCC).
• To help the farmers, special agricultural programmes and special weather bulletins were introduced on television and radio.
• To check exploitation of farmers by middlemen and speculators, procurement and remunerative prices, minimum support price was introduced by the Government for many important crops.