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Question

What chemicals are used in a Lithium ion battery?


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Solution

  1. In Lithium-ion batteries, the circuit charge and discharge occurs by the transfer of lithium ion across the membrane in the battery.
  2. The battery consists of four main component - Cathode, Anode, Separator and Electrolyte.
  3. Cathode: It is made up of a metal-oxide containing Li ions in it.
  4. Anode: It consists of graphite having Li ions in it.
  5. Separator: It is used to prevent self-discharge and short circuit. It is a porous plastic membrane made of polyethylene that helps in the transfer of Li - ions.
  6. Electrolyte: It acts as the medium of transfer of the ions between the positive end and negative end.
  7. During charging, the Li- ion moves from the positive end to the negative end through the membrane.
  8. While for discharge, the Li -ions move from the negative end to the positive side of the battery through the membrane.

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