Question

What chemicals are used in a Lithium ion battery?

Answer 1

1. In Lithium-ion batteries, the circuit charge and discharge occurs by the transfer of lithium ion across the membrane in the battery.
2. The battery consists of four main component - Cathode, Anode, Separator and Electrolyte.
3. Cathode: It is made up of a metal-oxide containing $\mathrm{Li}$ ions in it.
4. Anode: It consists of graphite having $\mathrm{Li}$ ions in it.
5. Separator: It is used to prevent self-discharge and short circuit. It is a porous plastic membrane made of polyethylene that helps in the transfer of $\mathrm{Li}$ - ions.
6. Electrolyte: It acts as the medium of transfer of the ions between the positive end and negative end.
7. During charging, the $\mathrm{Li}$- ion moves from the positive end to the negative end through the membrane.
8. While for discharge, the $\mathrm{Li}$ -ions move from the negative end to the positive side of the battery through the membrane.