Batteries use different chemicals based on its type.
Chemicals like Zinc, Manganese dioxide, and an alkaline solution are part of the modern disposable batteries.
In the modern rechargeable batteries, the chemicals include Lithium-carbon, Cobalt dioxide and Lithium salts dissolved organic solutions.
Other chemicals that can be used include Iron disulfide, Copper oxide, Carbon fluoride, Chromium oxide, Mercury oxide, etc.
Ammonium chloride, Cadmium, Zinc chloride, Lithium-copper oxide, Nickel and Lead oxide are some of the other commonly used chemical compounds in batteries.