Question

What determines the structure and function of proteins?

Answer 1

Protein structure:

1. Proteins are an important class of biological macromolecules that are the polymers of amino acids.
2. The main application used to determine protein 3D structure such as X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
3. In X-ray crystallography, the protein is crystallized, and then using X-ray diffraction, the structure of the protein is determined.
4. The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence and it drives the folding and intramolecular binding of the linear amino acid chain.
5. It ultimately determines the protein's unique three-dimensional shape.
6. It consists of a linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein.

Functions of proteins:

1. Protein is essential in the maintenance of body tissue, including development and repair.
2. Protein is the major source of energy.
3. Protein is involved in the creation of some hormones, helps control body functions that involve the interaction of several organs, and helps regulate cell growth.
4. The protein produces enzymes that increase the rate of chemical reactions in the body.
5. Storing amino acids act as a nutrient and as a building block for the growing organism.