Acotyledon(/kɒtɪˈliːdən/; "seed leaf" fromLatincotyledon,[1]fromGreek: κοτυληδώνkotylēdōn, gen.: κοτυληδόνοςkotylēdonos, from κοτύληkotýlē"cup, bowl") is a significant part of theembryowithin theseedof aplant, and is defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as "The primary leaf in the embryo of the higher plants (Phanerogams); the seed-leaf."[2]Upongermination, the cotyledon may become the embryonic firstleavesof a seedling. The number of cotyledons present is one characteristic used by botanists to classify theflowering plants(angiosperms). Species with one cotyledon are calledmonocotyledonous("monocots"). Plants with two embryonic leaves are termeddicotyledonous("dicots") and placed in the classMagnoliopsida.
In the case of dicot seedlings whose cotyledons are photosynthetic, the cotyledons are functionally similar to leaves. However, true leaves and cotyledons are developmentally distinct. Cotyledons are formed during embryogenesis, along with the root and shoot meristems, and are therefore present in the seed prior to germination. True leaves, however, are formed post-embryonically (i.e. after germination) from the shoot apical meristem, which is responsible for generating subsequent aerial portions of the plant.