Question

What do you mean by radioisotopes? Explain the applications of radioisotopes in various fields.

Answer 1

Definition

• Radioisotopes are an unstable form of nuclei that exhibits spontaneous degradation and becomes stable along with the liberation of radiations.
• They are also called radionuclides.
• Radioisotopes may occur in nature or be made in the laboratory.

Applications of radioactive isotopes

• $\mathrm{Cobalt}-60$ is used in radiation therapy to prevent cancer.
• $\mathrm{Sodium}-24$is used in studying blood circulation as well as to locate leaks in pipes.
• $\mathrm{Iridium}-192$ is used to test the integrity of boilers and aircraft parts.
• $\mathrm{Uranium}-235$ is used in nuclear power plants.
• $\mathrm{Californium}-252$ is used to determine the moisture content of soil used for the construction of roads and buildings.
• $\mathrm{Phosphorous}-32$ is used in research involving biology and genetics.