Question

What do you mean by RNA? What are its types according to the functions?

Answer 1

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is the second important nucleic acid of the cell. This nucleic acid is made up of ribose sugar, phosphate molecules and four types of nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil.
According to function, there are three types of RNA.
1. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) : The molecule of RNA which is a component of the ribosome organelle is called a ribosomal RNA. Ribosomes perform the function of protein synthesis.
2. Messenger RNA (mRNA) : The RNA molecule that carries the information of protein synthesis from genes i.e. DNA chain in the cell nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm which produce the proteins, is called messenger RNA.
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) : The RNA molecule which, according to the message of the mRNA carries the amino acid up to the ribosomes is called transfer RNA.