With the context of Russia, the 'reds' meant Bolsheviks, the 'greens' meant socialist revolutionaries and the 'whites' meant pro-Tsarists. The Bolsheviks were the majority group of workers under the leadership of Lenin.
During 1918 and 1919, the 'greens' (socialist revolutionaries) and the 'whites' (pro-Tsarists) controlled most of the Russian empire. They were backed by French, American, British and Japanese troops who were opposed to the growth of socialism in Russia.