What do you observe when :

(a) Blue vitriol is heated ?

(b) Washing soda is exposed to air ?

(c) Blue litmus solution is added to water ?

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Solution

(a) Blue vitriol is blue in colour as it contains 5 molecules of water of crystallisation $C u S O_{4} .5 H_{2} O$ . When
it is heated, it loses water of crystallisation and becomes an hydrous CuS04 which is grey-white in colour.
(b) Washing soda $N a_{2} C O_{3} .10 H_{2} O$ is a white crystalline substance and on exposure to air it gets changed to white powder.
(c) Pure water is neutral to litmus which means that no change in the colour of blue or red litmus solution is observed when 1 treated with water

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