What does a negative e.m.f. for a cell indicate?
Electrons flow through the external circuit in the reverse direction.
The opposite half-cell reactions take place spontaneously.
The reactions as written are not spontanceous
All of the above.
EMF of the cell is always difference in higher reduction potential and lower reduction potential.
In a galvanic cell, the reactions taking place in the anodic half cell and the cathodic half cell will be:
The EMF of the Daniell cell is 1.1V . The external EMF to be applied for the following reaction to take place in it is:
Cu(s)+Zn(aq)2+→Cu(aq)2++Zn(s)