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Fermat's Principle

What does Fer...

Question

What does Fermat's principle state?

A

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

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B

Light travels the path of least time.

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C

Light travels in a straight line.

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D

Colour of light is independent of the medium.

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Solution

The correct option is B Light travels the path of least time.
Fermat's principle states that the light travels in the path which takes the least time. This is a very useful principle and can help explain many phenomena like reflection, refraction and rectilinear propagation of light.

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Q. How does Fermats principle of least time prove that light always retraces its path?

Q. Mark the correct statement/statements:
a) Angle of incidence is equal to angle of refraction
b) Angle of refraction is smaller than angle of incidence when light ray travels from rarer medium to denser medium.
c) Angle of refraction is greater than angle of incidence when light ray travels from denser medium to rarer medium.

Q. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Statement 1: The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
Statement 2: Light always takes the path of least time.

Find out the angle of refraction when a light travels from medium A to medium B.

Speed of light in A $= 2 \times 10^{8} m / s$
Speed of light in B $= 3 \times 10^{8} m / s$

Q. Which of the following are the essential conditions for Total Internal Reflection to take place?
A. Ray of light should travel from rarer medium to denser medium.
B. Ray of light should travel from denser medium to rarer medium.
C. Angle of incidence should be greater than the critical angle.
D. Critical angle must be greater than the angle of incidence.

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