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B
Ecological succession
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C
Genetic drift
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D
Phylogenetic trend
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Solution
The correct option is B Ecological succession Ecological succession is the process of evolution of a newly formed water body or a soil body into a forest land.
The mentioned process represents the evolution of a newly formed rock into a forest area. It involves the steps :
Blue -Green Algae →→Crustose Lichens →→ Foliose Lichens →→ Mosses →→ Shrubs → Dicotyledonous trees