what happens to an iron rod when heated and why?

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Solution

At first it's temperature will increase. Also the length will increase little bit because of it properties of thermal expansion. If you increase more at certain point it will start glowing red, that is because at that point of the electromagnetic radiation will increase a lot and the region of radiation will be close to red region. Next if you still continue to heat when the temperature of the rod reaches to the melting point (1538 degree) the rod will start melting. If you heat further and reach to boiling point (2862 degree) then it will start boiling.

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