What is a group and a period in a periodic table?
What is a group and a period in a periodic table?
Periodic table
Modern periodic table arranges the elements in the increasing order of their atomic numbers. The modern periodic table was proposed by Moseley and he introduced the law that the properties of an element is the periodic function of their atomic number. He arranged the elements into rows and columns and classified the elements based on their properties.
Groups in periodic table
The vertical columns in a periodic table are called groups. The elements in a group have same outer electronic configuration and therefore, will show similar physical and chemical properties. The size of the elements increases down a group due to increase in the number of inner filled orbitals. The elements are classified on the basis of groups as alkali metals (Group 1), alkaline earth metals (Group 2), halogens (Group 17), noble gases (Group 18) etc.
Periods in periodic table
The horizontal rows in the periodic table are called periods. The elements in the same period have same number of electronic shells. The difference between atomic numbers of adjacent elements of a period is one. The size of an element decreases along a period from left to right due to the increase in effective nuclear charge. Long period include d-block elements in which the distinguishing electrons enter d-orbital.
Periodic table
Modern periodic table arranges the elements in the increasing order of their atomic numbers. The modern periodic table was proposed by Moseley and he introduced the law that the properties of an element is the periodic function of their atomic number. He arranged the elements into rows and columns and classified the elements based on their properties.
Groups in periodic table
The vertical columns in a periodic table are called groups. The elements in a group have same outer electronic configuration and therefore, will show similar physical and chemical properties. The size of the elements increases down a group due to increase in the number of inner filled orbitals. The elements are classified on the basis of groups as alkali metals (Group 1), alkaline earth metals (Group 2), halogens (Group 17), noble gases (Group 18) etc.
Periods in periodic table
The horizontal rows in the periodic table are called periods. The elements in the same period have same number of electronic shells. The difference between atomic numbers of adjacent elements of a period is one. The size of an element decreases along a period from left to right due to the increase in effective nuclear charge. Long period include d-block elements in which the distinguishing electrons enter d-orbital.
