The network of filamentous protein-rich structures in the cytoplasm of the cell is called a cytoskeleton.
The cytoskeleton maintains the shape of the cell, protects cellular integrity, provides mechanical support, and provides motility to the cell.
Example of the cytoskeleton: Cilia and Flagella are examples of the cytoskeleton.
Prokaryotes possess elongated, thin, hair-like extension structures called flagella that assist their locomotion (Dinoflagellates).
Cilia are the small, hair-like structures that are responsible for gathering sensory inputs (in the olfactory epithelium) as well as movement (in Paramoecium sp.).