Question

What is an example of a transversion mutation?

Answer 1

Mutation :

1. The change or alteration in the DNA sequences results in changes in the phenotype and genotype of an organism is known as mutation.
2. The change in the DNA is caused due to change in the single base pair of the DNA (point mutation).
3. Base substitution is a type of mutation in which a base pair gets substituted by another base pair.

Transversion mutation:

1. The kind of base substitution in which a change in the DNA sequence is induced when purine base (A, G) is substituted by pyrimidine base (C, T) or vice versa.
2. Example of a transversion mutation is Sickle-cell anemia.

Sickle cell Anaemia:

1. The autosomal recessive is caused by the substitution of a purine base (Adenine) with a pyrimidine base (Thymine).
2. This substitution results in a change in codon on mRNA, that encodes a different amino acid.
3. The codon on abnormal mRNA of the hemoglobin beta chain results in valine amino acid in the sixth position.
4. This substitution change leads to a change in the shape of red blood cells and also reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin.
5. Sickle cell anemia in children is characterized by slow growth and shortness of breath.
6. In adults, the affected person has jaundice, along with shortness of breath.