Question

What is breaking and making bonds in chemical reaction called?

Answer 1

Part 1-Breaking of the bond

1. Breaking of the bond is known as bond dissociation.
2. In the breaking of the bond, the cleavage may be homolytic or heterolytic.
3. In homolytic cleavage, the bond break homolytically means each atom contains one electron after bond-breaking and results in Radical formation. Example- The breaking of ${\mathrm{Cl}}_2$homolytically generates two Chlorine Radicles.
4. In heterolytic cleavage, the bond break heterolytically means one atom contains a negative charge whereas another atom contains a positive charge resulting in the formation of anions and cations respectively.
5. During bond-breaking atoms hold each other tightly with a strong bond and the breaking of a strong bond requires energy

PART 2- Making of the bond

1. Making of the bond is known as Bond association.
2. When two radicals combine or anion and cation combine to form a bond.
3. When atoms form a new bond they tend to release energy to make the bond more stabilized.
4. The more will be energy released, more stable will be the bond.
5. Thus, during bond making energy is released.