Question

What is difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic nucleus?

Answer 1

Prokaryotic Nucleus :

1. The nucleus of the prokaryotic cell is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane i.e nucleoid.
2. The genetic material of the prokaryotic cell is present inside the nucleoid i.e a single thread-like chromosome or circular DNA.
3. The cells lacking the membrane-bound nucleus lack all cellular organelles, except ribosomes.
4. Bacteria and archaea are examples of prokaryotes that contains prokaryotic nucleus inside their cells.

Eukaryotic Nucleus :

1. The nucleus of the eukaryotic cell is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
2. The genetic material of the eukaryotic cell is present inside the nucleus i.e a double-stranded DNA.
3. The cells with membrane-bound nucleus contains all cellular organelles.
4. Animal, plants, and fungi are examples of eukaryotes that contain eukaryotic nuclei inside their cells.

Difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes:

Prokaryotes	Eukaryotes
1. Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bound nuclei.	1. Eukaryotes are multicellular organisms of which the cells contain well-defined nuclei surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
2. A single long thread-like chromosome (genetic material) is present without any membrane surrounding it, thus called the nucleoid.	2. The nucleus (genetic material) is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
3. Prokaryotes lack cellular organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Lysosomes, and Mitochondria but non-membrane bound cellular bound organelle Ribosomes are present.	3. Eukaryotes contain all cellular organelles such as the Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus Lysosomes, Ribosomes, and Mitochondria.
4.. The cell size is small of 5 micrometers or even less than that.	4. The cell size is large of 10-100 micrometers.
5. Entire genome of a prokaryote replicates at once.	5. DNA replication is regulated with selective origins along with the sequence.
6. Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms.	6 Eukaryotes are multicellular organisms.
7. The growth rate is faster.	7. The growth rate is slower as compared to prokaryotes.