What is effective atomic number (EAN)?
Calculate EAN of cobalt $(Z = 27)$ in $[C O (N H_{3})_{6}]^{+ 3}$ and of zinc $(Z = 30)$ in $[Z n (N H_{3})_{4}] S O_{4}$

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Solution

Effective Atomic Number (EAN) : EAN represents the total number of electrons surrounding the nucleus of a metal atom in a metal complex. It is composed of the metal atoms' electrons and the bonding electron from the surrounding electron donating atoms and molecules.
Calculation of EAN:
$[C O (N H_{3})_{4}]^{+ 3} C O^{3 +} e l e c t r o n s = 24$
Each $N H_{3}$ contributes $2$ bonding electrons. Thus $6 N H_{3}$ contributes $6 \times 2 = 12$ bonding electrons.
Thus, EAN of cobalt in $[C O (N H_{3})_{6}]^{3 +}$ is $24 + 12 = 36$
$[Z n (N H_{3})_{4}] S O_{4} Z n^{2 +} e l e c t r o n s = 28$
Each $N H_{3}$ contributes $2$ bonding electrons. Thus $4 N H_{3}$ contributes $4 \times 2 = 8$ bonding electrons.
Thus, EAN of $Z n$ in $[Z n (N H_{3})_{4}] S O_{4}$ is $28 + 8 = 36$ .

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