Question

What is genetic equilibrium w.r.t Hardy - Weinberg’s principle?

• A. When all the alleles of a gene present in a population have frequencies which are equal to each other
• B. When the number of heterozygotes in a population are equal to the number of either of the homozygotes
• C. When the number of homozygotes dominant in a population are equal to the number of recessive homozygotes
• D. When the frequency of particular genes or alleles remain constant in a population through generations

Answer 1

The correct option is D When the frequency of particular genes or alleles remain constant in a population through generations

Hardy - Weinberg’s equilibrium is based on the constant frequency of a particular gene's alleles in a population through successive generations.

Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium is expressed as

${}^{}$ p^2+2\mathrm{pq}+q^2=1${}^{}$

$p^2$ represent homozygous dominant

$q^2$ represent homozygous recessive

2pq represent heterozygous dominant

p and q always remain constant till the time they get affected by external factors like gene flow, genetic drift, mutation etc.