Question

What is hybridization

Answer 1

What is Hybridization?

Hybridization is defined as the concept of mixing two atomic orbitals with the same energy levels to give a degenerated new type of orbitals. This
intermixing is based on quantum mechanics.

The atomic orbitals of the same energy level can only take part in hybridization and both full filled and half-filled orbitals can also take part in this process provided they have equal energy. During the process, the atomic orbitals of similar energy are mixed together such as the mixing of two ‘s’ orbitals or two ‘p’ orbital’s or mixing of an ‘s’ orbital with a ‘p’ orbital or ‘s’ orbital with a ‘d’ orbital.

Types of hybridization: sp Hybridization

• This type involves mixing of one ‘s’ orbital and one ‘p’ orbital of equal energy to give a new hybrid orbital known as an sp hybridized orbital.

sp² Hybridization

• This kind involves mixing of one ‘s’ orbital and two ‘p’ orbital’s of equal energy to give a new hybrid orbital known as sp².

sp³ Hybridization

• This type involves mixing of one ‘s’ orbital and three ‘p’ orbital’s of equal energy to give a new hybrid orbital known as sp³.

sp³d Hybridization

• It involves mixing of one ‘s’ orbital, three ‘p’ orbital’s and one ‘d’ orbital of equal energy to give a new hybrid orbital known as sp³d hybridized.