The altering of a protein's molecular structure is known as denaturation.
During denaturation, many of the weak connections and interactions (such as hydrogen bonds) inside a protein molecule that is responsible for the highly ordered structure of the protein in its natural (native) state, are broken.
Enzyme denaturation happens when the structure of a protein and its functional group undergo conformational changes, resulting in inactivity.
Denatured proteins have a looser, more random structure, and the majority of them are insoluble.
Heating, alkaline, acidic, urea, or detergent treatment, as well as forceful shaking, can all be used to denaturize proteins.