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Question

What is meant by homologous series of organic compounds? Write the chemical formulae of two members of a homologous series and state which part determines the (i) physical properties, (ii) chemical properties, of these compunds.

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Solution

A series of organic compounds with the same general formula but differ from adjacent members by "CH2" group are referred to as homologous series of compounds.

Members of the homologous series of functional group aldehyde are:
1. Ethanal : CH3CHO
2. Propanal : CH3CH2CHO

Physical properties: Determined by the hydrocarbon chain CH3 and C2H5.
Chemical properties: Determine by the functional group CHO.

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