Seed, the characteristic reproductive body of both angiosperms (flowering plants) and gymnosperms (e.g., conifers, cycads, and ginkgos). Essentially, a seed consists of a miniature undeveloped plant (the embryo), which, alone or in the company of stored food for its early development after germination, is surrounded by a protective coat (the testa). A layer of nutritive tissue in the seed of certain flowering plants that are derived from the nucellus and surrounds the embryo. In seeds of some plants remnants of a nucleus is persistent. This residual, persistent nucellus is called perisperm.