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Question

What is meant by the 'angle of incidence' and the 'angle of refraction' for a ray of light? Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction for a refracted ray of light.

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Solution

Angle of incidence:
The angle between the incident ray and the normal is called angle of incidence.
Angle of refraction:
The angle between the refracted ray and the normal is called angle of refraction.

Diagram for a refracted ray of light:

Here,
i = Angle of incidence

r = Angle of refraction

i' = Angle of incident at the emergent point

r' = Angle of refraction at the emergent point

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