What is meant by zero error of vernier callipers?

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Solution

When two jaws of vernier calipers are in contact with each other, the zero of the vernier scale does not coincide with the zero of the main scale. This is called zero error.
It is denoted by the letter e.
There are two types of zero errors
(a) Positive zero error: zero of the vernier scale lies on the right side of zero of the main scale.
(b) Negative zero error: zero of the vernier scale lies on the left side of zero of the main scale.
A perfect vernier caliper has no zero error.

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