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What is pleiotropic inheritance?

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A pleiotropic gene is a single gene that controls more than one trait. © 2008 Nature Education All rights reserved. During his study of inheritance in pea plants, Gregor Mendel made several interesting observations regarding the color of various plant components.
Pleiotropy (from Greek πλείων pleion, "more", and τρόπος tropos, "way") occurs when one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. ... The human disease is caused by a defect in a single gene on chromosome 12 that affects multiple systems, such as the nervous and integumentary system.

Occasionally we see genetic mutations in human beings. A mutation is any sort of genetic alteration that causes a change in the phenotype or expression of that gene. Sometimes we see genetic changes and phenotype changes not from a mutation, but from a gene controlling multiple traits. This is called pleiotropy. As stated, pleiotropy is where one gene winds up controlling multiple phenotypic traits in the organism.

Pleiotropy can be found in many different forms, but mainly it is viewed as causing inherited diseases and disorders. What can also occur is that if that gene has a mutation, it ultimately affects all of the phenotype traits that the gene was controlling. This creates a trickle down effect. As the gene gets mutated, so do the traits it would exhibit.


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