Question

What is polarization and diffraction ?

Answer 1

diffraction :

The process of bending of light around the edge of an aperture or obstacle is called diffraction of light. Diffraction is caused when the wave encounters with the diffracting object which is explained by Huygens Fresnel principle and principle of the superposition of waves which consider every particle on a wavefront as point source for the secondary wave and the displacement at any subsequent point is the sum of these secondary waves andalsothe amplitude being the sum of amplitude of the individual wave varying from zero to sum of individual amplitude giving series of maxima and minima.

polarization :

The process of confining the light the vibration of the electric of the light waves to one direction is called polarization. Sound wave is longitudinal wave which don’t follow the law of polarization so, sound wave cannot be polarized. Light is an electromagnetic wave in which electric and magnetic field are varying in time and space at right angle to the direction of the propagation of the wave. If we confined the vibration of these electric vectors of light waves to the one direction it is called polarization of light. Since the polarization is the characteristics of the transverse wave we can say light wave is transverse wave.