Question

What is recombination? Discuss the applications of recombination from the point of view of genetic engineering.

Answer 1

Introduction to recombination

Recombination refers to the process of exchanges of genes between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes that results in a different genetic combination and forms gametes with chromosomes that are different from the parents.

Recombinant DNA technology

Recombinant DNA is formed by the joining of two molecules of DNA from different species. The chimeric DNA molecule is inserted into a host organism and produces new genetic combinations.

Applications of recombinant DNA in genetic engineering

• For the production of vaccines like hepatitis B vaccine.
• Production of transgenic plants with improved qualities like insect and drought resistance, nutritional enrichment.
• Therapeutic protein production like insulin.
• Gene therapy in disease like cancer, SCID etc.
• Prodcution of transgenic animals with improved quality of milk and egg.